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AVM Access Server – Glossary 125

otherwise prohibited by IP masquerading. A forwarding profile consists

of a set of forwarding rules. These forwarding rules determine which IP

packets are forwarded to which servers in the local-area network.

The AVM Access Server always uses IP masquerading on Internet con-

nections. If you want to allow access from the Internet to specific serv-

ers in your LAN, you must use a forwarding profile.

See also “NAT (Network Address Translation)” on page 131.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

FTP is a platform-independent protocol—that is, one used by all kinds

of computers and operating systems—for file management and trans-

fer to and from remote computers. FTP builds immediately on TCP, the

OSI Layer 4 (Transport Layer) protocol. The File Transfer Protocol is doc-

umented in RFC 959.

Hash algorithm

A hash function is an algorithm that yields a short value that is practi-

cally unique to a given input. The value of the hash is also called a “di-

gest” of the input. One-way hash algorithms are used in cryptography

to create digital signatures for authentication.

One-way hash algorithms

– The input data can be of any length.

– The output is generally of a fixed length.

– The input data cannot be reconstituted from the output.

– The algorithm must be sufficiently free of collisions: in other

words, the probability of two different input values yielding

the same output must be very small.

Keyed-hash functions

Keyed-hash functions are one-way hash algorithms that use a key

in addition to the variable input data. Keyed-hash functions are

used to generate message authentication codes (MAC). Only

those who hold the same key can generate the same MAC from a

given message. This makes the hash algorithm still safer against

collisions.

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AVM Access Server englisch Dokumentacja Strona 127